Understanding Penalty Retakes in Football
A referee can order a penalty to be retaken for various reasons in football. This was highlighted when Roma were awarded two retakes during their Europa League defeat to Lille.
The regulations regarding encroachment during penalty kicks are outlined in Law 14 of the International Football Association Board's Laws of the Game.
According to these laws, the goalkeeper facing a penalty must "remain on the goal line, facing the kicker, between the goalposts, until the ball is kicked." The goalkeeper is required to have at least one part of one foot touching, in line with, or behind the goal line.
The IFAB also specifies that the goalkeeper must not "unfairly distract the kicker," which includes delaying the kick or touching the goalposts, crossbar, or goal net.
Additionally, all players, except for the penalty taker and the goalkeeper, must remain outside the penalty area, on the field of play, and at least 10 yards away from the penalty spot until the kick is executed.
If encroachment occurs by the goalkeeper or a teammate and the shot does not enter the goal, the kick is retaken. Conversely, if the shot is scored despite the encroachment, the goal stands.
If the attacking team encroaches and it is determined that they have affected the goalkeeper, the penalty is retaken if the ball goes into the goal. If the shot misses, an indirect free kick is awarded to the defending team.
In cases where players from both teams are found guilty of encroachment, the penalty must be retaken. However, if the encroachment is deemed not to have affected the goalkeeper, play continues.
Special thanks to Brian in East Sussex for the question.
This article is part of BBC Sport's Ask Me Anything initiative.